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Table 1: Pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy LESIONS IN VESSEL WALLS Thickening of the basal membrane Alterations in the connections between endothelial cells Alterations of the pericytes Alterations of the internal blood-retinal barrier CHANGES IN BLOOD FLOW Increase in blood viscosity Decreased deformability of erythrocytes Hyper aggregation of erythrocytes Fibrinolysis reduction PLATELET ALTERATION Hyperagregation Hyperadhesiveness
The capillary wall normally consists of endothelial cells and mural cells or pericytes.
Indeed, hyperglycemia induces an obliteration of small vessels through the glycosylation of the basal membrane of endothelial cells.
Many retinal structures are endowed with receptors for VEGF, found at the level of Müller cells, endothelial cells, astrocytes, retinal pigment epithelium, and ganglion cells.
Endothelial cells 5, 19
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